Remove unnessary dependencies and pin iris < 3.16

[bouweandela]

Description

Reduce the size of the conda environments.

Size on current main:

2.1G	.pixi/envs/default/
822M	.pixi/envs/esmvalcore/

Size with this pull request:

1.8G    .pixi/envs/default/
519M	.pixi/envs/esmvalcore/

• Move esmvaltool-sample-data to the test dependencies as it is not required for normal runs.
• Pin iris to < 3.16 because the improved string handling in iris 3.16 appears to be incompatible with ncdata Incompatible with iris 3.16 SciTools/ncdata#255
• Remove the intake-esm dependency because ESMValCore does not currently support intake-esm, this is still work in progress in Intake-ESM Integration based on #1218 #2690
• Use the prov-core conda-forge package, which has fewer dependencies than the prov conda-forge package
• Update to the most recent build of esgf-pyclient, which no longer pulls in myproxyclient

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[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 96.48%. Comparing base (539b0fe) to head (9829c71).

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##             main    #3216   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   96.47%   96.48%           
=======================================
  Files         282      282           
  Lines       16407    16407           
=======================================
+ Hits        15829    15830    +1     
+ Misses        578      577    -1     

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[schlunma]

Thanks! Sad that we need to pin Iris 😢